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The nomenclature rules for organic compounds set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) committee (http://www.iupac.org/) do offer flexibility in some areas especially in cases where old publications have old terms. Below are some examples. The answers for the structures, as based on the IUPAC nomenclature rules, are listed below. Some links...

Originally published in 2008, the underlying essence of a structure elucidation process is to structurally distinguish an unknown from a set of possible isomers. This is evident by the number of possible isomers for a given molecular formula. The chart below divides isomers into three groups: Structural/Constitutional/Regio, Spin and Stereo/Spatial isomers. Wikipedia links are included...

I was flying home from Europe yesterday and was watching the Oscar award-winning movie “Good Will Hunting” starring Matt Damon, Robin Williams, Ben Affleck, and Minnie Driver: One thing I missed the first time I saw the movie, was a moment where Matt Damon’s character shows up at Minnie Driver’s dorm room to ask her...

I got some great comments from Tony and Gary on the “Dealing with a Mixture…” post that I decided to do a follow-up post. http://acdlabs.typepad.com/elucidation/2008/02/dealing-with-a.html In my lab days, I would routinely workup a newly acquired 1H NMR for an unknown sample prior to acquiring a 2D NMR dataset. One of my goals was to examine...

In light of the posting by Oliver Fiehn’s group (http://fiehnlab.ucdavis.edu/projects/Seven_Golden_Rules/Ring-Double-Bonds/), I’ve decided to blog some compounds I’ve encountered in the lab. Using the 2nd formula from the previous blog (http://acdlabs.typepad.com/elucidation/2008/03/rings-double-bo.html), for some cases the RDBE calculation will work if the correct atom valence is known. Note: the nitrochloroform compound can be drawn more than one...

TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) offers a simple approach to identifying a solvent(s) for separating out a mixture, monitoring a reaction to completion, etc. Furthermore, the TLC plates can be stained to identify the presence or absence of various functional groups such as amines, ketones, etc. This qualitative experiment does offer various drawbacks. The process of...

Predicting pKa isn’t just computational, it’s about understanding chemical behavior. Learn about the science behind pKa, how different pKa predictors work, and how ACD/Labs’ tools help chemists and regulators anticipate molecular behavior before synthesis or testing begins.