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The nomenclature rules for organic compounds set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) committee (http://www.iupac.org/) do offer flexibility in some areas especially in cases where old publications have old terms. Below are some examples. The answers for the structures, as based on the IUPAC nomenclature rules, are listed below. Some links...

Let me begin by stating my experiences with elucidations on organic molecules. I have led over 60 training sessions attended by chemists and Spectroscopists from Academia to industry around the world. Some more successful than others—this came down to expertise of the attendee. I have also conversed with dozens of chemists/Spectroscopists, experts and non-experts, at...

Performance of several library search algorithms (against EI mass spectral databases) implemented in commercial software products (ACD/SpecDB, ChemStation, GC/MS Solution, and MS Search) was estimated. Test set contained 1000 mass spectra, which were randomly selected from NIST’08 (RepLib) mass spectral database. It was shown that composite (also known as identity) algorithm implemented in ms search...

Typically, structure elucidation via NMR can be ascribed by a stepwise workflow: 1. a sample is prepared for NMR, 2. the NMR instrument is optimized for data collection, 3. NMR data is acquired, 4. the spectral data is processed, 5. the spectral data is searched/compared to an internal database for possible hits or similarities, 6....

With a monoisotopic mass identified from a mass spectrum, the next step is to fit a molecular formula (or elemental composition) to the unknown. For organic compounds, the starting elements of choice are Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and sometimes Sulfur. Information from starting material and known derivatives can also help when deciding what elements and...

Originally published in 2008, the underlying essence of a structure elucidation process is to structurally distinguish an unknown from a set of possible isomers. This is evident by the number of possible isomers for a given molecular formula. The chart below divides isomers into three groups: Structural/Constitutional/Regio, Spin and Stereo/Spatial isomers. Wikipedia links are included...

Reliable in-silico prediction tools for physicochemical properties, ADME characteristics, toxicity endpoints, structure design, and optimization, in one seamless software platform. Toronto, Canada (October 24, 2011)—ACD/Labs is pleased to announce the release of ACD/Labs Percepta, an advanced software platform for accurate in silico ADME/Tox and physicochemical property prediction, at AAPS 2011. The next generation of ACD/Labs...

Davidone F Sophora davidii (Franch.) belong to the family Fabaceae and are shrubs or small trees found in China. Over the years many natural products have been isolated from them, including alkaloids, steroids, lignans, phenolic acids and, mostly, flavonoids. These have been found to have varying biological activities. The chemical investigation of S. davidii which...